Milk
Milk is the liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. Milk can come from any mammal but cows, goats, buffalo and sheep are the most common and well-known producers.
For the best mixing solution we rely on our process knowledge of more than 80 years and our high quality sanitary design
What is milk?
Whole milk (also often called plain milk) contains about 87% water. The remaining 13% contains protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Within the production of milk, there are several techniques that ensure the milk contains less fat. These techniques make it possible to produce skimmed and semi-skimmed milk.
Between these three types of milk, skimmed milk contains the least fat, semi-skimmed milk contains slightly more fat than skimmed milk, and whole milk has the most fat.
Pasteurized, sterilized and raw milk
Pasteurized milk is raw milk that has been heated to a certain temperature and time to kill pathogens in the raw milk. Pathogens are microorganisms such as bacteria that make us sick. Raw milk can contain pathogens such as Campylobacter, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, Listeria and other bacteria.
With sterilized milk, all bacteria are killed because the milk is heated to temperatures above one hundred degrees. As a result, sterilized milk also has a much longer shelf life and can be left outside the refrigerated section. Long heating gives the milk a different taste than pasteurized milk.
Raw cow’s milk is milk that is completely unprocessed, it still contains various bacteria and fats and no fats have been extracted yet.
Food & Beverages Contacts
Tom Pruymboom
Sales Director
Area Worldwide
Bart Brouwer
Area Sales Manager
Area Worldwide
Sijko van der Veen
Application Engineer
Technical Specialist
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Types of milk products
Consuming milk can be done in many different ways. Besides the packs of liters of milk you find in the super market, there are also very many other milk products.
- Chocolate milk comes from skimmed, semi-skimmed and whole milk. This milk is mixed with cocoa, sugar and various aromatic and flavoring substances. For fresh milk, cocoa powder is often added.
- Organic milk is produced in a better and kinder way for the cow. It has a lower impact on the animal and environment which in turn is better for the planet.
- Condensed milk is milk with sugar added because of these sugars, condensed milk is a very long-lasting milk. This milk can be kept unrefrigerated and is often found in cans.
- Ice cream consists mainly of skimmed milk and cream. There is also ice cream made from yogurt or buttermilk.
- Butter milk is created by the acidification of milk. Buttermilk contains live lactic acid bacteria and contains less than 1% fat.
Dairy products
Milk is the basis for many different products. Roughly divided in the following product groups;
- Consumer products (milk, yoghurt, desserts etc)
- Cheese & butter
- Ingredients
Jongia agitators are used for all these different dairy applications with a clear focus on sanitary design and product knowledge.
It already starts at the (raw) product storage silos, required at every production facility. Mainly milk, cream and whey concentrate products. The majority of these tanks is agitated by means of a Jongia side entry agitator type JDRW. An efficient, low budget solution for product storage.
Some of the most important products at the moment are whey and cream products. Both can be seen as a by-product from cheese production, but with a very important economic value. Specially whey products are booming business at the moment.
The whey liquid is separated from the cheese curd at the final stage, just before putting it in the cheese moulds. This product (with a rather low dry solids concentration) is stored in tank silos, agitated by a side entry type JDRW. In following steps the whey is concentrated further to a higher ds content by means of separation and/or evaporation. At this stage the product is agitated by means of a slow running agitator type LD, in order to keep a good suspension.
In the past whey concentrate was mainly used as animal feed. This is still one of the applications (base material for animal feed). But it can also be used for numerous other products (with higher economic value), like lactose and whey powders. These powders are used in for instance baby food, drinks, soups, pharmaceutical applications etc. Jongia LD type agitators are used for storage and/or blending applications in all kinds of applications.
A special application is crystallization of whey/lactose liquids. This requires close consultancy with the clients product specialist, In order to get the required crystallization results.
Cream, an other cheese by-product, is separated from the (raw) milk, in order to get a standardized milk quality for the cheese production. It is stored in cooled silos, and in general agitated by means of a slow running agitator type LD. Fat content in general 30-42%. Large, slow running mixing blades provide an optimal cooling (for taking away possible crystallization heat) without damaging the cream.
Cream used for butter production may also require a crystallization step, called cream ripening. The cream is slowly heated and cooled to the required temperature, and the agitator gently homogenizes the bulk liquid. The required agitator is a special type LD agitator, optimized for this ripening process. Once again close consultancy with the clients product specialist is required, to get the desired results.
Cream is not only used for butter production. Other applications are food products, like culinary creams, and butter oil/serum. These last are agitated by means of a Jongia agitator type JDR.
References for above mentioned processes are amongst others:
FrieslandCampina, DOC/Volac Nutrition, Arla Foods UK, Glanbia Ireland, VIV Zelhem
